Memorandum Opinion and Order, [REDACTED]

Holding that 2019 certifications, targeting, minimization, and querying procedures comply with statutory requirements and are consistent with the Fourth Amendment. Id. at 78-79. The Court approved the increase of retention periods for upstream collection from two to five years. Id. at 46-49. The Court noted that on some prior occasions, the NSA violated its current targeting procedures in order to avoid loss of foreign-intelligence information, but “identified [REDACTED] resulting from such unauthorized acquistion and expected to have completely purged them by January 2020.” Id. at 12-13. Other major noncompliance issues include: 1) Widespread violations of the querying standards by the FBI, id. at 65-67 (including queries of unminimized Section 702 information to vet sources and candidates, queries of college students participating in a “Collegiate Academy,” queries of individuals that have visited an FBI office, and querying identifiers of nearly 16,000 persons, of which NSD assessed that only seven persons satisfied the querying standard); and 2) the FBI’s violations of failing to ever apply for an order under § 702(f)(2), which is required before accessing the contents of unminimized § 702 contents retrieved by a query involving a U.S.-person query term, where the query is not related to national security nor designed to find and extract foreign intelligence. See id. at 69-71.